Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) technology facilitates the establishment of a compact network by utilizing repeater nodes rather than fully equipped base stations, which subsequently minimizes the expenses associated with the transition towards next-generation networks. The majority of studies focusing on IAB networks rely on simulation tools and the creation of discrete-time models. This paper introduces a mathematical model for the boundary node in an IAB network functioning in half-duplex mode. The proposed model is structured as a polling service system with a dual-queue setup, represented as a random process in continuous time, and is examined through the lens of queueing theory, integral transforms, and generating functions (GF). As a result, analytical expressions were obtained for the GF, marginal distribution, as well as the mean and variance of the number of requests in the queues, which correspond to packets pending transmission by the relay node via access and backhaul channels.
Идентификаторы и классификаторы
To simplify and reduce the cost of deploying dense 5G networks, standardizing organizations have proposed various technologies, one of which is Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) [1]. This technology enables telecom operators to seamlessly transition to 5G-compliant networks by utilizing cost-effective relay nodes that implement wireless relay instead of fully-equipped base stations. By implementing a network with IAB technology, consisting of backbone and relay nodes, operators can meet the limitations of 5G standards and have the flexibility to upgrade relay nodes with access to the backbone network in the future, ultimately enhancing the quality of service for users.
Список литературы
1. 3GPP: Study on Integrated Access and Backhaul. Technical report (TR) 38.874 v16.0.0 (2018)
2. 3GPP: Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) radio transmission and reception. Technical Specification (TS) 38.174 v17.2.0 (2022)
3. Polese, M., Giordani, M., Zugno, T., Roy, A., Goyal, S., Castor, D. & Zorzi, M. Integrated Access and Backhaul in 5G mmWave Networks: Potential and Challenges. IEEE Communications Magazine 58, 62–68. doi:10.1109/MCOM.001.1900346 (Mar. 2020).
4. Sadovaya, Y., Molchanov, D., Mao, W., Orhan, O., Yeh, S.-p., Nikopour, H., Talwur, S. & Andreev, S. Integrated access and backhaul in millimeter-wave cellular: Benefits and challenges. IEEE
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7. Madapatha, C. et al. On topology optimization and routing in integrated access and backhaul networks: A genetic algorithm based approach. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 2, 2273–2291 (2021).
8. Tafintsev, N., Moltchanov, D., Yeh, S.-p., Nikopour, H., Mao, W., Orhan, O., Talwar, S., Valkama, M. & Andreev, S. Joint Path Selection and Resource Allocation in Multi-Hop mmWave-based IAB Systems in ICC 2023 - IEEE International Conference on Communications (2023), 4194–4199. doi:10.1109/ ICC45041.2023.10279180.
9. Jayasinghe, P., Tölli, A., Kaleva, J. & Latva-Aho, M. Traffic Aware Beamformer Design for Flexible TDD-Based Integrated Access and Backhaul. IEEE Access 8, 205534–205549. doi:10.1109/ACCESS. 2020.3037814 (2020).
10. Yarkina, N., Moltchanov, D. & Koucheryavy, Y. Counter Waves Link Activation Policy for Latency Control in In-Band IAB Systems. IEEE Communications Letters 27, 3108–3112. doi:10 . 1109 / LCOMM.2023.3313233 (2023).
11. Neely, M. Stochastic Network Optimization with Application to Communication and Queueing Systems doi:10.2200/S00271ED1V01Y201006CNT007 (2010).
12. Tassiulas, L. & Ephremides, A. Stability properties of constrained queueing systems and scheduling policies for maximum throughput in multihop radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 37, 1936–1948. doi:10.1109/9.182479 (1992).
13. Silard, M., Fabian, P., Papadopoulos, G. Z. & Savelli, P. Frequency Reuse in IAB-based 5G Networks using Graph Coloring Methods in 2022 Global Information Infrastructure and Networking Symposium (GIIS) (Argostoli, Greece, 2022), 104–110. doi:10.1109/GIIS56506.2022.9937005.
14. Nikolaev, D. & Gaidamaka, Y. Leaf Node Polling Model Analysis in an Integrated Access and Backhaul Network in Information Technologies and Mathematical Modelling. Queueing Theory and Applications (eds Dudin, A., Nazarov, A. & Moiseev, A.) (Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2024), 106–117. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-65385-8_8.
15. Feoktistov, V., Nikolaev, D., Gaidamaka, Y. & Samouylov, K. Analysis of Probabilistic Characteristics in the Integrated Access and Backhaul System in Distributed Computer and Communication Networks: Control, Computation, Communications (eds Vishnevskiy, V. M., Samouylov, K. E. & Kozyrev, D. V.) (Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2024), 277–290. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-50482-2_22.
16. Khayrov, E. & Koucheryavy, Y. Packet Level Performance of 5G NR System Under Blockage and Micromobility Impairments. IEEE Access 11, 90383–90395. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3307021 (2023).
17. Salimzyanov, R. & Moiseev, A. Local balance equation for the probability distribution of the number of customers in the IAB network in SUITMM, Omsk (2023), 284–289.
18. Rykov, V. On analysis of periodic polling systems. Autom. Remote Control 70, 997–1018. doi:10. 1134/S0005117909060071 (2009).
19. Takagi, H. Analysis of polling systems p. 175. 175 pp. (MIT Press, 1986).
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