SCI Библиотека

В условиях всё интенсивнее усложняющихся отношений между федеральным центром и регионами проблема экономической безопасности регионов становится всё более актуальной и значимую роль в обеспечении экономической безопасности выполняет образование. В условиях сложившейся геополитической обстановки, определения направлений социально-экономического развития государства в соответствии с положениями Указа Президента РФ «О Стратегии национальной безопасности Российской Федерации» от 02.07.2021 № 400 и в рамках управления устойчивым региональным развитием проблема исследования концепции развития регионального образования, учитывающей особенности современного состояния общества, приобретает особую актуальность.

Relevance. In the pursuit of sustainable development, the circular economy takes precedence as a fundamental imperative for industrial transformation. The current trend in the development of the circular economy concept is to place the main focus on the technological support of circularization and the corresponding innovations in business models, while the decisive role people play in this model of economy is often overlooked. Individuals with specialized knowledge, skills, and values are essential for developing and implementing circular models, making effective management decisions, and promoting rational consumption patterns. The demand for circular skills and the availability of relevant competencies can significantly differ across regions, necessitating further in-depth study. Research objective. The paper is aimed at developing a new methodological approach to the study of circular economy skills at the regional level. This approach considers these skills in terms of both employer demand and their incorporation into master’s degree programs, accounting for regional specifics. Data and methods. The study employed a comprehensive approach, integrating theoretical methods with empirical analysis. Scientometric and content analysis identified taxonomies of circular economy skills, and employers’ personnel needs were examined through the analysis of the HeadHunter job site using Python software. Additionally, the study encompassed an analysis of educational programs from official websites of universities in southern Russian regions. Results. A new approach to the study of supply and demand of circular economy skills at the regional level has been proposed and tested. As a result, it was determined that there is a demand for sustainable development specialists in various industries in the Russian labor market, which varies across different regions of the country. The relevant skills are included in the master’s degree programs offered by universities. There is a need for greater involvement of regional authorities in shaping educational demands presented to universities, as this is essential for generating demand in the job market for the corresponding competencies. Conclusions. To better achieve targets in sustainable development and facilitate the transition to a circular economy, it is essential to promote a balanced development of all the relevant skills and behavioral patterns. To ensure this, it is important to involve regional authorities in shaping the demand for these skills.

В статье подчёркивается, что особая роль в борьбе с коррупцией в России в настоящее время отведена системе образования. Духовно-нравственное воспитание нации рассматривается как основополагающий фактор борьбы с проявлениями коррупции.

Актуальность и сложность анализа процессов демократии в условиях цифровизации общества, абсентеизма населения, разнообразия политических форм участия концентрирует исследовательский фокус. Исследование демократии, электоральных процессов является ведущим в политологии. Исследование института выборов как неотъемлемой части демократии является задачей концептуализации научной проблемы. В статье раскрыты основные функции института демократии в зависимости от социальных, политико-институциональных и партийно-политических переменных.

В статье автор рассматривает развитие института поручительства в отношении такой меры пресечения, как присмотр за несовершеннолетним подозреваемым или обвиняемым, с позиций ее исторического становления и законодательного регулирования. Взаимосвязь таких мер пресечения проявляется не только в том, что уголовно-процессуальный закон закрепляет в статьях, регламентирующих применение указанных мер, обязательства в отношении подозреваемого или обвиняемого. При реализации такой меры, как присмотр за несовершеннолетним подозреваемым или обвиняемым, в случае нарушения обязательств лиц, которым несовершеннолетний был отдан под присмотр, применяются взыскания, прямо предусмотренные положениями ч. 4 ст. 103 УПК РФ, относящиеся к личному поручительству. В сущности, объединяет эти меры пресечения обстоятельство, которое состоит в том, что на подозреваемого или обвиняемого должно оказываться воздействие со стороны третьих лиц для его надлежащего поведения, заключающегося в обеспечении этими лицами поведения, которое сводится к явке подозреваемого или обвиняемого к следователю, дознавателю или в суд и для выполнения иных целей и задач процессуального принуждения.

Relevance. The development and implementation of advanced production technologies are the most important factors of economic growth and competitiveness in the modern economy. Predicting their dynamics, taking into account the spatial features of localization, is a difficult and time-consuming task. The spatial effects resulting from the impact of the surrounding territories play a significant role in the dynamics of advanced production technologies in the regions of Russia. Accounting for these effects is necessary when constructing scenario models in conditions of strong spatial heterogeneity of the studied processes. Traditional forecasting methods do not take into account spatial interdependencies and are not able to reflect the influence of surrounding regions on the development of technologies. Research objective. Assessment and scenario forecasting of the dynamics of advanced production technologies being developed in the regions of Russia using SAR models that allow taking into account spatial effects between regions. Data and methods. For scenario forecasting of the dynamics of advanced production technologies being developed in the Russian regions, taking into account spatial effects, a methodological approach was developed based on the modeling of the spatial log (SAR) of the processes of their development, autoregressive (ARMA) modeling and forecasting of the key factors of their dynamics. Taking into account spatial effects and heterogeneity, the proposed approach to modeling makes it possible to more accurately predict the dynamics of advanced production technologies in the Russian regions. Results. The developed methodological approach was tested to form predictive scenarios for the dynamics of advanced production technologies being developed in the regions of Russia. In particular, an inertial forecast scenario was developed, assuming the preservation of current trends in the dynamics of the technologies being developed, as well as two extreme possible scenarios - optimistic and pessimistic. With the help of the spatial SAR model, a significant influence of the number of research organizations on the volume of advanced production technologies generated was confirmed, and in the second group of regions, the influence of the number of technicians who conduct research and development was confirmed. The novelty of the study is to take into account the spatial features of the localization of the advanced production technologies being developed, as well as the spatial effects resulting from the impact of the surrounding regions on the creation of new technologies. This approach makes it possible to significantly reduce errors in the formation of forecast scenarios in conditions of significant spatial heterogeneity of the initial data. Conclusions. To intensify the generation of new technologies in the regions of the second group, it is necessary to attract personnel with technical specialties. The dynamics of the technologies being developed in the first group of regions with a powerful research potential are also influenced by the number of research personnel and the amount of attracted financial resources for fundamental and applied research. To increase the activity of these regions in the development of advanced technologies, it is necessary to form and develop relationships with the surrounding regions.

Relevance. The interconnectedness of global financial markets implies that shocks in one region can have widespread implications. The recent geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and Western Europe, have significantly heightened Geopolitical Risk (GPR) and Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU). Country-specific financial stability can experience ripple effects from these external sources of risk, indicating a direct link between geopolitical events and economic policy uncertainties that contribute to financial stress. Research Objective. This study examines the risk spillovers from Global Geopolitical Risk (GLGPR) and Economic Policy Uncertainty (GLEPU) to the country-wise Financial Stress Index (FSI) of the USA, China, and Russia. Our goal is to determine which of these giants demonstrates superior resilience in terms of financial stability against these external sources of risks. Data and Methods. Using Cross-Quantilogram (CQ), Partial-CQ and Recursive-CQ (R-CQ), we evaluate a weekly high-frequency data from 2000 to 2023 to identify patterns of these spillover effects. Results. Our findings indicate that GLGPR has mixed spillover effects on the USA’s FSI under varying market conditions, while the FSI shows long-term resilience to GLEPU. For China, GLGPR only boosts the FSI during long-term bullish markets, and GLEPU demonstrates pronounced adverse impact at the bullish market. In contrast, the Russian FSI reacts unevenly to both GLGPR and GLEPU, experiencing greater severity. Overall, the USA’s financial market exhibits the highest resilience to GLEPU, while the Chinese market demonstrates the greatest resilience to GLGPR. In contrast, the Russian financial market shows the highest exposure to these global risks. Conclusions. No previous empirical study has examined the financial stress response of these three globally powerful economies to external sources of risk such as GLGPR and GLEPU. Most of the previous research focuses solely on stock market returns or their volatility in relation to these risks, whereas we focus on a composite measure of stability that encompasses all four sectors of a financial market. Our research fills this gap, particularly in the context of current geopolitical tensions among these global players, making it highly relevant for both academics and policymakers.

В статье исследуется изменение российского законодательства по противодействию экстремистским проявлениям, предусматривающее ответственность за публичное демонстрирование нацистской атрибутики или символики. Одной из возможных причин изменения законодательства Российской Федерации, регламентирующего ответственность за публичное демонстрирование нацистской атрибутики или символики, рассматривается ответная реакция на деятельность зарубежных стран, направленную на декриминализацию военных преступлений нацистской Германии во время Великой Отечественной войны.

Relevance. Similar to other countries, Indonesia’s economy was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, especially at the district and city levels. As the second-largest contributor to Indonesia’s GDP, East Java faced noticeable economic downturns. Industry, the region’s main economic sector, played a key role in these challenges, making it essential to evaluate all sectors from a regional economic perspective to navigate this turbulence effectively. Research objective. This study investigates the regional economy’s sectoral competitiveness in East Java, with a particular focus on the 17 sectors categorized by Statistic Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik-BPS) before and after COVID-19. Data and methods. The study relies on data from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS)). The dataset includes GDP information for 11 regions, namely 7 districts and 4 cities, in East Java from 2018 to 2022, covering the pre- and post-pandemic periods. Methodologically, the study employed Location Quotient (LQ) analysis and Mix and Share Analysis. LQ analysis was used to assess the concentration and comparative advantage of East Java’s regions. Mix and Share and Shift-Share analyses were applied to identify the competitive industries in specific regions and their advantages. Results. The findings show positive economic growth in most regions of East Java before and after the pandemic, except for two regencies that saw a decline. The study emphasizes the need to strengthen regional resilience at the village level using the Village Fund from the national budget. Conclusions. Regional stakeholders, central government interventions, and continued development of leading sectors are essential for mitigating the effects of COVID-19. According to regional economic theory, collaboration between the government and businesses is crucial for enhancing competitive advantage and increasing the number of leading sectors.

В статье рассматриваются ключевые особенности правового регулирования деятельности благотворительных организаций и осуществления ими бухгалтерской отчетности. Рассматриваются вопросы возможности легализации пожертвований в форме криптовалюты, налогообложения благотворительных организаций и др. Результаты исследования позволили подробно охарактеризовать процесс отчетности бухгалтерских организаций и выявить в данном процессе проблемы правового характера.

Автором аргументированы ряд предложений по дополнению действующего правового регулирования деятельности благотворительных организаций, реализация которых позволит более детально регламентировать как порядок осуществления благотворительными организациями деятельности, так и порядок ведения ими бухгалтерской отчетности, что повысит уровень прозрачности и законности деятельности данных субъектов, а также систематизирует работу следователя при анализе документационного обеспечения благотворительной деятельности.